Compare And Contrast Hobbes And Locke - 1391 Words

Hobbes and Locke in State of Nature and War. Introduction Without a doubt, Hobbes with his work Leviathan and Locke with his treatises on The Civil Government illustrated a before and after regarding Philosophy and politics of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The historical events in England such as the English civil war (Hobbes) and the war against France (Locke) marked both scholars and influenced their thoughts to match and oppose naturally. However, both made a significant contribution to serve two trends a realistic-monarchical (Hobbes) and another idealist-parliamentary (Locke) of what should be the social pact. The following essay tries to make an analogy between the two tendencies as well as to differentiate both†¦show more content†¦In this state of war, everything that happens is legitimate. There is no law or justice; anything goes, here what prevails is the force where there is no common power, there is no law. But there is a hope of solving this state. It is only explained by the existence of a powerful state w hich Hobbes calls â€Å"Leviathan.† Which rules the life of man in society, infusing him with security and hope the good ones, and with the penalty and the fear infused to the bad ones so that they desist of damaging the society. The Passions that incline men to peace, are fear of death (P. 593) The absence of this strong state causes disorder and chaos, so one must look for a ruler (Monarch according to Hobbes) who can strengthen the state to guarantee Peace and Order. The Locke s State of Nature For Locke, the state of nature is characterized by the freedom and equality of all men, in the absence of a universal authority. Men will remain in that state until, of their own accord; they become members of political society. Certainly, man has an uncontrollable freedom to dispose of his person or his possessions, but nevertheless I have not liberty to destroy himself, or so much any creature in his possession, (P.686), motive? The natural law. This natural law is none other than reason. The reason shows to all men Equal and independent (Ibid) that no one should harm another regarding his Life, health, liberty or possessions (Ibid) since all have the same divine origin and have beenShow MoreRelatedJohn Locke And Thomas Hobbes Compare And Contrast862 Words   |  4 Pages Locke vs. Hobbes Compare and Contrast Essay During and after the English Revolution (1642-1688), different philosophers acted differently towards the revolution , based on their ideas and personal experiences. John Locke and Thomas Hobbes stood out to be the most intelligent thinkers who argued in opposite ways. On the contrary they were similar in their approach for the use of reason. They both represented a trend in the 17th and 18th centuries to use reason as a final judgement. By analyzingRead MoreCompare And Contrast Locke And Hobbes State Of Nature1854 Words   |  8 Pagesthe following essay I will compare Hobbes’ account of the State of Nature, as depicted in his Leviathan, with Locke’s State of Nature put forward in his Second Treatise on Civil Government. Regarding the main differences, I will discuss how, for Hobbes, it is a state of war in which man is self-interested, and a government is required to oppose human nature. He concluded that there is no justice in nature, and notions of right and are wrong are mere social phenomena. Locke, on the other hand sees itRead MoreCompare And Contra st John Locke And Thomas Hobbes1680 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Locke and Thomas Hobbes are one of the most influential and famous philosophers who both had similar theories but had different conclusions. The two philosophers wrote a discourse â€Å"life in the state of nature† and argued about the government. 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Hobbes sees man as being evil, whereas Locke views man in aRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Philosophies of John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Karl Marx843 Words   |  4 PagesCompare and Contrast the Philosophies of John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Karl Marx In the idea of human nature; origin of state, the nature of government, the rights of regulation can be drawn as the reflection of insightful philosophies of John Locke, Thomas Hobbes and Karl Marx. By understanding this within the context of human nature, we can see their ideas play to how they perceive a modern philosophy. Karl Marxs Communist Manifesto illustrates the desire to build a society without economicRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Views of the State of Nature Held by Hobbes and Locke.2718 Words   |  11 Pagesthe likes of Hobbes, Rousseau and Locke wrote about it, it means man when he was natural in his state of nature, uninfluenced by society, and the temptations of today. There are no rights in a state of nature, only freedom to do as one wishes. It is a term used to illustrate the theoretical condition of civilization before the states foundation in Social Contract Theories. In the dictionary it is described as â€Å"a wild primitive state untouched by civilizat ion.† Both Hobbes and Locke discuss the stateRead MoreCompare and Contrast Hobbes’s and Locke’s Views of the State of Nature and the Fundamental Purpose of Political Society. Whose View Is the More Plausible? Why?1564 Words   |  7 PagesCompare and contrast Hobbes’s and Locke’s views of the state of nature and the fundamental purpose of political society. Whose view is the more plausible? Why? Introduction Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were both natural law theorists and social contracts theorists. While most natural law theorists have predominantly been of the opinion that humans are social animals by nature, Locke and Hobbes had a different perspective. 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Nelson Mandela s Influence On Human Rights - 945 Words

Nelson Mandela is a world renowned activist that was imprisoned for twenty seven years in a South African prison, because of a system of racism known as â€Å"apartheid† which discriminated against blacks living in South Africa at the time. Since his release from prison, apartheid has since been abolished in South Africa and he was elected President of that country. Nelson Mandela had a positive impact on human rights by standing up against racism in his country as well as many others around the world. Mandela was born as Rolihlahla Mandela on July 18, 1918 in a village called Mvezo Transkei. His father died at an early age and he became a ward of his father’s tribe at age nine. He was renamed â€Å"Nelson† on the first day of school. His interest†¦show more content†¦During Mandela’s early life and during his continued political and social involvement, apartheid was one of his main focuses. He became heavily involved in anti- apartheid movements in South Africa. Apartheid was â€Å"a policy or system of segregation or discrimination on grounds of race† which was being fought throughout South Africa. Apartheid caused problems both socially and economically for all non whites in Africa. This system of segregation was upheld and by the law and widely practiced in South Africa since the 1940’s. The system was given life through various acts and laws such as the Population Control Act, The Group Act and the Land Act, all of which were meant t o keep anyone of color either separated or at a disadvantage economically and socially. Nelson Mandela established an organization called ANC Youth which organized boycotts, unions, and other non-cooperative actions to fight against the system and policies of apartheid. For many years Nelson Mandela believed in the peaceful, non-violent approach, but after his first arrest for â€Å"treason and political advocacy† in 1956, Mandela started to believe that a more forceful approach would need to be taken to push change. He was arrested again in 1961 for organizing a workers strike and in 1963, after being put on trial again, Mandela was

Portfolio of work Islam Today

Question: Prepare a portfolio of work, covering 1 significant issues associated with Islam Today. Answer: Introduction Since the beginning of the millennium in the year 2000, the manner in which the media represent the Muslims has changed a great deal. This is because of the terrorist attacks in America in the year 2011 where two planes crashed into the twin towers in New York and the bombing in London, which led to the American war on terrorism. Afterward the American war on terrorism, the Americans and the entire world population developed a fear and hatred of Islam (Manning 2006). The western community has a distorted image concerning the Muslims. As a consequence, the media adopted stereotypes which they used to present the Muslims. As much as some media houses were trying to paint the Muslims positively, the stereotypical thoughts overrode the positive presentations (Zemni 2002). Media image concerning the Muslims is a threatening one, and therefore, Islam as a religion is viewed as a threat to peoples well-being. The modern negative media depiction of Muslims are discussed below. How Contemporary Media Displays Muslims First, the media presents Muslims as people who strongly believe in jihad or holy war. As per Muslims, a jihad remains a religious responsibility of the Muslims to uphold their beliefs and practices. Muslims and non-Muslims refer to a jihad as both spiritual and physical struggles. The spiritual fight is where the Muslims strive to preserve their religion whereas a physical contest is where the Muslims fight the opponents of Islam. This physical effort can take a violent or non-violent form (Sheridan 2006). The media distorts the true definition of a jihad, making people believe that terrorism and inhuman acts are part and parcel of Muslim culture, and that the Quran encourages the Muslims to kill people. In the western perspective, the phrase jihad is essential in the justification of violence exhibited by terrorist groups such as al-Qaeda. The al Qaeda pose themselves as defenders of the Islam religion and, therefore, feel justified to attack western countries (Poynting and Noble 2 003). The media representation of Muslim terrorist groups depends on the argument that the Quran supports their violent activities thereby giving Islam a negative image. The modern-day media emphasizes a lot on the physical tussle rather than the spiritual fight of Muslims (Gottschalk and Greenberg 2008). Secondly, the media presents Muslim men as male chauvinists. The media has portrayed Muslim women as people who are submissive to the oppressive rules created by their men. Some feminists try opposing this power, but from a weak position, hence making them unsuccessful in their fight for their rights (Manning 2004). The women are presented as property belonging to the men and can easily be manipulated by their owners (Jackson 2010). Women are also limited to their reproductive and sexual roles as portrayed by the western media. The women are considered dangerous in all aspects of life and should, therefore, not be accorded leadership positions, lest the whole community loses direction (Ameli and Merali 2004). In fact, all Muslim women shown in western televisions wear hijabs (veils), and they put on long black robes that cover their whole bodies. This is a justification that Muslim women are oppressed by their men and that their roles in the society have been significantly limited (Bullock 2000). The hijab or veil restricts the females from destroying the men in aspects of life such as sexually, morally, and socially (Shadid and van Koningsveld 2002). The media presents the Sharia law as one that inspires domestic violence. For instance, when a husband suspects that his wife could be disobedient, he has a right to hit her physically as a corrective measure. This male chauvinism is considered backward by Western people because women empowerment is at the forefront of most countries (Said 2008). Third media presentation of Islam in the West is that Islamic countries are prone to violence and old ideas. Medieval ideas depicted by the media in Islam comprise numerous aspects. For example, males enjoy a right to polygamy, and they are permissible to marry at most four wives. They also enjoy an unrestricted right anchored in the penal code to divorce their wives (Aly 2007). Males are also the decision makers regarding the employment of their wives. Female counterparts even lack guardianship of their children (d'Haenens and Bink 2007). In modern countries, these medieval ideas have been scrapped off, and they condemn practices like polygamy. In these modern states, each party has a right to custody of their children, except when one exhibits negative behavior, women can work where they want to, and they can travel to whatever destination they want (Rane, Ewart and Abdalla 2010). Besides, almost all the terrorist groups are shown by contemporary media to be Muslims some of which i nclude al-Qaeda, ISIS, and Sunni (Bunzl 2007). In the case of documentaries that show how atomic bombs are created and detonated, the masterminds behind their making are usually Muslims (Saeed 2007). The media also shows pictures of Muslim countries in situations where there is no peace, and the Muslims are on the run from attacks. Most of the medias refugees representations are Muslim families pictures. This portrayal shows how much the media exposes Islamic countries to be prone to violence (Allen 2010). Conclusion Islam media contemporary presentation in the western setting seems to be unfair to the Muslims. Several individual perceive Muslims as terrorists and the supreme dangerous collection of persons globally. It is similarly apparent that extremist assemblies take advantage of the term holy war to attack in the pretext of fighting for Muslims (Jahedi, Abdullah and Mukundan 2014). The primary teaching of Prophet Muhammad was that the Muslims should pursue their faith in a peaceful manner. As much as the Muslim practices seem to be oppressive to women, Allah ordered the man to take care of their wives, and ensure that they lack nothing (Manning 2003). The practices that are considered medieval exist to ensure that women receive satisfactory care. For instance, the man should authorize the traveling or employ of their wives to make sure that they are in safe environments. The people who make these practices seem oppressive are those who take advantage of specific methods to be dominating (Ak barzadeh and Smith 2005). The US have an obligation of thwarting the terrorist groups instead of linking them to the Muslims. Some of the Muslims live exemplary lives, and it would be unfair tagging them as threats. References Akbarzadeh, S. and Smith, B., 2005. The representation of Islam and Muslims in the media. Monash University. Accessed December, 22, p.2014. Allen, C., 2010. Islamophobia. Ashgate Publishing Ltd. Aly, A., 2007. Australian Muslim responses to the discourse on terrorism in the Australian popular media. Australian Journal of Social Issues, 42(1), p.27. Ameli, S.R. and Merali, A., 2004. British Muslims' Expectations of Government (Vol. 2). London: Islamic Human Rights Commission. Bullock, K., 2000. Challenging media representations of the veil: contemporary Muslim womens reveiling movement. American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences. Bunzl, M., 2007. Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia: Hatreds old and new in Europe (Vol. 28). Prickly Paradigm. d'Haenens, L. and Bink, S., 2007. Islam in the Dutch press: with special attention to the Algemeen Dagblad. Media, Culture Society, 29(1), pp.135-149. Gottschalk, P. and Greenberg, G., 2008. Islamophobia: Making Muslims the enemy. Rowman Littlefield. Jackson, L., 2010. Images of Islam in US media and their educational implications. Jahedi, M., Abdullah, F.S. and Mukundan, J., 2014. Review of Studies on Media Portrayal of Islam, Muslims and Iran. Manning, P., 2003. Arabic and Muslim people in Sydney's daily newspapers, before and after September 11. Media International Australia incorporating Culture and Policy, 109(1), pp.50-70. Manning, P.C., 2004. Dog whistle politics and journalism: reporting Arabic and Muslim people in Sydney newspapers. Australian Centre for Independent Journalism, UTS. Manning, P.C., 2006. Australians imagining Islam. Muslims and the news media. Poynting, S. and Noble, G., 2003. Dog-whistlejournalism and Muslim Australians since 2001. Media International Australia Incorporating Culture and Policy, 109(1), pp.41-49. Rane, H., Ewart, J. and Abdalla, M. eds., 2010. Islam and the Australian news media (Vol. 4). Academic Monographs. Saeed, A., 2007. Media, Racism and Islamophobia: The representation of Islam and Muslims in the media. Sociology Compass. Said, E. W., 2008. Covering Islam: How the Media and the Experts determine how we see the rest of the world (Fully Revised edition). Random House. Shadid, W. and van Koningsveld, P.S., 2002. The Negative image of Islam and Muslims in the West: Causes and solutions. Religious freedom and the neutrality of the state: the position of Islam in the European Union. Leuven: Peeters, pp.174-196. Sheridan, L. P., 2006. Islamophobia pre- and post-September 11th, 2001. Journal of Interpersonal violence. Zemni, S., 2002. Islam, European identity and the limits of multiculturalism. Religious freedom and the neutrality of the state: The position of Islam in the European Union, pp.158-173.

John Updike free essay sample

When a person comes of age, they experience a profound change or epiphany that leads to an inner growth, or new part of their life. In John Updike’s â€Å"Aamp;P†, coming of age is a major theme. The main character, Sammy, transitions from idealism to realism. He also experiences the enlightenment from transitioning from ignorance to knowledge. Finally, Sammy changes from thinking of himself, to thinking of others. Sammy experiences coming of age. Sammy transitions from idealism to realism in â€Å"Aamp;P†. His epiphany is foreshadowed when Sammy says â€Å"now here comes the sad part of the story† (Updike, 3). This quote foreshadows the events that lead up to Sammy’s change. Sammy is warned by Lengel about quitting his job. Lengel tries to help Sammy realize what consequences there are to quitting his job for the girls he does not even know, by saying â€Å"Sammy, you don’t want to do this to your mom and dad†(Updike, 5). These two poems will be compared and contrasted based on their content, form, and style. The poems will be compared in depth on their likeliness to one another and their differences. Both of these poets have a different way of presenting death. Even though each poem is different in its own meaning, they are relatively similar in comparison with the inevitable end, which is death. John Updike was born March 18, 1932 in Shillington, Pennsylvania. He is famous for many writings throughout his lifetime. Updike began his remarkable career as a poet in 1958 by publishing his first volume, a collection of poems titled The Carpentered Hen. He was first established as a major American writer upon the publication of his novel Rabbit Run, which took off for success and he went on to write an entire series throughout his life (as cited in The Biography Channel 2005). Dylan Thomas was born in the Uplands area of Swansea, Glamorgan, Wales, on October 27, 1914. History states that Thomas was indulged like a child and he was, in fact, still a teenager when he published many of the poems he would become famous for: â€Å"And death shall have no dominion â€Å"Before I Knocked† and â€Å"The Force That Through the Green Fuse Drives the Flower. And death shall have no dominion, appeared in the New English Weekly in May 1933 and further work appeared in The Listener in 1934 catching the attention of two of the most senior poets of the day T. S. Eliot and Stephen Spender ( as cited in Cyr, M. D. 1998 Pg 207). Dylan Thomas’s poem â€Å"Do not go gentle into that good night† has been listed as him most famous a nd easily accessible poem that he has written. When reading Dylan Thomas’s poem â€Å"Do not go gentle into that good night† one can assume that he wrote the poem about his own father’s death. The poem takes place at the bedside of his father. His father is slowly dying, willing to accept death and is awaiting his demise. The father does not care about the actions that are taking place around him, or his sons begging will for his father to fight off death and live. The speaker is begging his father not to give in to death, but to fight with all his strength: â€Å"Do not go gentle into that good night, Rage, rage against the dying of the light† (As cited in Clungston, 2010 Chapter 12. 5 Pg. 296, par. 3). The speaker is telling his father not to go towards the bright light that is commonly referred to as being seen by those who are about to die and make their way to heaven. Since the speaker is begging, you can ultimately figure out that the father is willing to die and not willing to fight as his son begs him to fight. All men, â€Å"wise men,† â€Å"Good men,† â€Å"Wild men,† and â€Å"Grave men† eventually die, showing that death is a certainty. Just because death is a natural part of life, Thomas does not want his father to take that route right now. In the poem line that says, â€Å"Though wise men at their end know dark is right,† shows that smart people are willing and able to fight against death, even though they know that it is going to occur. The line â€Å"And you, my father, there on that sad height† (As cited in Clungston, 2010 Chapter 12. 5 Pg. 296, par. 5) shows that the father is perched high upon his death bed, his son treating him like he is a worshiped symbol in his life. For one to rage against the dying of the light, it is like being told to fight off the enemy. The light being the enemy that is trying to take him away. The presentation of his father’s death becomes relatively clear. Dylan Thomas is presenting the events that led up to his fathers in a poetic form. His presentations of the events make the underlying story easier to understand. John Updike’s poem â€Å"Dog’s Death,† gives the details of death from the dogs perspective and the family’s eagerness to save their beloved pet, â€Å"Too young to know much, she was beginning to learn† (As cited in Clungston, 2010 Chapter 2. 3 Pg. 53, par. 1). This line gives insight to the dog’s age. You can tell from the start of this poem that the dog is a young puppy. This is further visible because of the mentioning of her being too young. The narrator can easily be determined to be the dog’s owner. From reading the poem, you can establish that he is married and has children, â€Å"Monday morning, as the children were noisily fed† (As cited in Clungston, 2010 Chapter 2. 3 Pg. 53, par. 3). When she felt unwell, they â€Å"teased her with play,† (As cited in Clungston, 2010 Chapter 2. 3 Pg. 53, par. 2), thinking she was just feeling ill, not realizing that they were actually causing more harm. The initial injury is not completely revealed. There is mention that the puppy may have been kicked or brushed by a car. The poem gives way to the ending before the end is actually read. The line mentions an autopsy revealing a rupture in the liver. This line comes out in the third stanza of the poem. The next stanza after that goes into the Monday morning, so ultimately a major injury is disclosed to the reader before the poem goes on to stating that they are on their way to the veterinarian’s office. Upon discovery of the dog’s injuries, they rush off to save the dog’s life at the vet. The dogs immediate family proceeds to the Vet and allow the dog to be on their lap during the car ride, rather than in the back seat. The line that states â€Å"to bite my hand and died† (As cited in Clungston, 2010 Chapter 2. 3 Pg. 53, par. ),   reveals that the dog is scared and does not know what to do. The dog feels safe and secure in the owner’s lap and bites the hand as a sense and feeling of comfort. This shows a sense of love and that they treat the dog as a member of their immediate family. The family’s love for the dog shows that humans can love animals and treat their animals like their own children. John Updike’s poem â€Å"Dog’s Death,† gives the details of death from the dog’s perspective and the family’s eagerness to save their beloved pet. The love the family shows is the same love they would give to a dying family member or friend. John Updike presents the outcome of death in a loving and sad presentation. He takes the actions that could easily be presented as those actions that we would apply to a human, and shows how it can be applied to a dog. Dylan Thomas can be described as a lyrical poet, which Merriam Webster defines as â€Å"expressing direct usually intense personal emotion especially in a manner suggestive of song†( Merriam Webster 2012). This poem is close to the elegy form of poetry, which is a lyric poem that expresses the poet’s thoughts about death and it is based on someone that is close and in high regard to the poet. Upon further review and comparison, this poem is closer to being the form of a dramatic monologue, which is a poem in which only one person speaks to one or more silent listeners, creating dramatic tension. Do not go gentle into that good night is a dramatic monologue as well. Thomas’s words throughout the poem create a dramatic unfolding of the passion he throws to his father, pleading him to fight for his own life. This shows that Thomas significance towards his father’s is the same as his own. He wishes to continue to live and avoid death until it is completely necessary and there is nothing left fighting for. John Updike is considered more as an author and not so much as a poet. John Updike’s poem Dog’s Death is an example of narrative poetry, which is poetry that tells a story. He uses detailed imagery of reality and real life situations. John Updike leaves no stones unturned in his writings. He goes deep into detail in this poem â€Å"The autopsy disclosed a rupture in her liver,† or of diarrhea and had dragged across the floor† (As cited in Clungston, 2010 Chapter 2. 3 Pg. 53). John Updike is not afraid to write in relation to real life events that occur. John Updike does not filter out the bad or ugly facts of life that can occur. Both of these poems give the reader a good look into the personal writing attributes of each poet. Dylan Thomas was a lyric poet who made the reader feel the feelings that encompassed him during his endures with his father’s death. John Updike was not afraid to write about the grotesque sights that accompanied a dog while it was slowly inching towards death. The style of these two poems is very different. Even though they focus on the same topic, which is death, the presentation is not the same. Dylan Thomas’s poem has a very unique line structure. It is not easily seen unless you look for it. The end of the first line in each stanza rhymes with the last word in the third line of each stanza. The second line of each stanza rhymes with the second line of each stanza after that. It is categorized as a villanelle, originally intended for French poetry, is exceedingly difficult to write in English because of a lack of rhyming words compared to the French language. Villanelles are nineteen lines long, with six stanzas. This poem is unique in itself. There are only two rhymes in this villanelle, each are placed strategically in the poem. â€Å"Do not go gentle into that good night, Old age should burn and rave at close of day; Rage, rage against the dying of the light† (As cited in Clungston, 2010 Chapter 12. 5 Pg. 296, par. 1)! This occurs in every stanza. The first line of each stanza rhymes with the last line of each stanza. John Updike’s poem reads more like a story. There are no words or lines that rhyme with each other. The only repetition throughout the entire poem is the words good dog. This poem is definitely an elegy. The dog was close to the family, so the poem follows suit and is all about the dogs struggle to die and the family’s struggle to keep that from occurring. I imagined that I was the owner of the dog while reading this poem. It made me feel like I had lost my own pet that was dear to me. I did have a few pets die under my care when I was a child. Before I read this poem, I did not feel remorse or sadness when they passed. I felt it was just a part of life. After being introduced and reading this poem, I feel the sadness and heartache that I should have felt when I was younger. John Updike and Dylan Thomas are both remarkable people. They both are known for their various works that they have produced in their lifetime. The poem â€Å"Dog’s Death† and the poem â€Å"Do not go gentle into that good night† both focus around death. Death is an everyday part of our daily life. We will hear of many deaths and experience the heartfelt loss that death accompanies. Dylan Thomas captured the feelings and emotions one can attain from experience of watching a family member die. John Updike showed us that animals can take on human characteristics in our lives and we can mourn their loss as if they were a family member. Both poets have different unique styles, forms, and contents of writing, but they both tell a similar story. Each poet tells their version of death in a different way, with a similar meaning. John Updike shows us how a simple life of a dog can mean so much more. John Updike portrays the dog as being a valued member of the family. The death of the dog brings heartache and sadness to the loving family. Dylan Thomas shows us that his father’s death could have been avoided had he not gone towards the light. The loss of his father engaged him to compile the poem and give the reader a feeling of sadness and sorrow that they can relate with. John Updike and Dylan Thomas present the same conclusion, which is death, in a different view and understanding. References The Biography Channel (2005) website retrieved from http://www. biography. com/people/john-updike-9513636. Clugston, R. W. (2010). Journey into Literature. Retrieved from http://content. ashford. edu/books http://www. breakoutofthebox. com/goodog. htm Beattie, A. (2011). John Updikes Sense of Wonder. John Updike Review, 1(1), 5-15. Cyr, M. D. (1998). Dylan thomass do not go gentle into that good night: Through lapis lazuli to king lear. Papers on Language and Literature, 34(2), 207-217. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/198427087? accountid=32521 Lycett, A. , amp; Coles, D. (2003, Dec 27). He did not go gentle into that good night [dylan thomas: A new life]. The Globe and Mail (Index-Only), pp. 0-D9. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/347505493? accountid=32521 Allen, B. (2009, Updikes farewell. The Hudson Review, 62(3), 521-528. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/231930782? accountid=32521